Knowledge base > Wiki pages > Phantoms > Numerical Phantoms

Simple Phantoms

Phantoms with simple inclusions can be created with just a few lines of Python code.

We can provide jupyter notebooks to create phantoms in 2D and 3D, and interpolate them on rectilinear and fully unstructured meshes.

OA Breast Database

This database provided by the Washington University in St. Louis includes a collection of numerical breast phantoms generated from clinical MRI data.

The phantom data can be downloaded as plain binary or hdf5 files.
Currently, the database contains three different phantoms with scattered fibroglandular, heterogeneously dense and extremely dense tissue.

It is made available under the Open Database License

Further information can be found here:
Yang Lou, Weimin Zhou, Thomas P. Matthews, Catherine M. Appleton, Mark A. Anastasio, “Generation of anatomically realistic numerical phantoms for photoacoustic and ultrasonic breast imaging,” J. Biomed. Opt. 22(4), 041015 (2017), doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.22.4.041015.

OpenVC

This platform initiated by the University of Pennsylvania and Barco Healthcare, Belgium provides tools to generate numerical breast models.
It features an octree-based simulation of breast anatomy and pathology including different tissue compartments, lesions and ligaments.

Further information can be found here:
Predrag R. Bakic, Bruno Barufaldi, David Higginbotham, Susan P. Weinstein, Ali N. Avanaki, Kathryn S. Espig, Albert Xthona, Tom R. L. Kimpe, Andrew D. A. Maidment, “Virtual clinical trial of lesion detection in digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis,” Proc. SPIE 10573, Medical Imaging 2018: Physics of Medical Imaging, 1057306 (2018); doi: 10.1117/12.2294934